| Aluminium |
A potentially
toxic element mainly of interest in renal
dialysis |
| Arsenic |
Potentially toxic |
| Cadmium |
Potentially toxic |
| Chromium |
Although it has
been put forward as an essential element,
concentrations in the body are extremely low.
Most interest is in the toxic effects of chromium
in occupational exposure. |
| Cobalt |
Present in the
cobalmin, vitamin B12 but most interest is in the
toxic effects of cobalt in alloy production and
working |
| Copper |
An essential element |
| Iron |
An important essential
element, but toxic when in excess as found in
genetic haemochromatosis |
| Lead |
A potentially toxic element
from occupational and environmental sources.
Environmental lead exposure is now generally much
lower than ten years ago. |
| Manganese |
Considered an essential
element, although evidence for its essentiality
in humans is scant. Of importance in patients on
total parenteral nutrition, mainly for toxicity. |
| Mercury |
A toxic element. Mercury is volatile and the vapour is easily absorbed. |
| Nickel |
A potentially toxic element, mainly of importance in industrial exposure |
| Selenium |
An essential element important in muscular function, cardiac function and preventing free radical damage |
| Zinc |
An essential element important for growth and protein synthesis |
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